Which of the following items are restricted under HOEPA?

Under the Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act (HOEPA), certain practices are restricted to protect consumers from predatory lending and to address features like negative amortization. HOEPA specifically targets high-cost mortgages and aims to prevent lenders from engaging in practices that can lead to a debtor's inability to repay the loan.

Predatory lending refers to unethical practices that impose unfair or abusive loan terms on borrowers, often taking advantage of those who may not fully understand the financial implications of such loans. Negative amortization occurs when the loan balance increases because the payments do not cover the interest due, leading borrowers to owe more than they originally borrowed. HOEPA seeks to limit these harmful practices by instituting disclosures, rate trigger thresholds, and prohibitions on certain features in high-cost loans.

On the other hand, conventional mortgage lending practices, fixed-rate mortgage offerings, and incentives for first-time homebuyers are not inherently restricted by HOEPA. These options can be structured in a compliant manner that does not involve the predatory lending tactics that HOEPA aims to combat. Thus, the correct answer indicating restrictions under HOEPA is focused primarily on predatory lending and negative amortization.